Bushfire Risk This Spring: What Our Own Data Says and What to Do About It

A strong El Nino and a freshly positive Indian Ocean Dipole are stacking up together this spring, the same combination that preceded the Black Summer fires. We checked what that means nationally, what our own eighteen year rain gauge archive says about Dayboro specifically, and what landholders can actually do about it.
Two cartoon cow characters wearing caps stand together on grass in front of a house and timber fence.
Climate Research / Members

Bushfire Risk This Spring: What Our Own Data Says and What to Do About It

Dayboro Weather Research  |  22 August 2026
Two cartoon cow mascots standing in a dry paddock at Dayboro looking toward a hazy, smoke affected horizon with the D'Aguilar Range faint through the haze
Not a scare picture, a mood. A dry paddock and a hazy horizon is what a below average spring looks like before anything has actually gone wrong.
Research context. On 19 August 2026 ABC News ran a piece headed "Spring outlook shows bushfire risk increases as El Nino loads the dice", built on the Bureau's spring seasonal outlook and the state fire services' own briefings. It landed the same week our own weekly Bureau monitoring showed the Indian Ocean Dipole crossing into positive territory for a third straight week, sitting alongside an El Nino that is already stronger at this point in the year than any event since 1950. That combination, a positive dipole and a strong El Nino at the same time, is the exact setup that preceded the 2019/20 Black Summer season. So this paper asks three questions properly instead of just repeating the headline. Is the national picture actually different this year, or is it the normal spring warning dressed up. What does our own eighteen year rain gauge archive say about Dayboro specifically, since a national outlook is not a local forecast. And what should a landholder here actually do differently, if anything.
+2.20°C
Nino3.4, week ending 9 Aug 2026
Well above the strong El Nino line, still climbing
+0.41°C
Indian Ocean Dipole, same week
Third straight week positive, the Black Summer pairing
National signal: elevated Local rainfall: below average, not a record

Key findings

  • Nationally, this spring genuinely is different, and it is not just headline weather. The Bureau's weekly Nino3.4 index read +2.20°C for the week ending 9 August 2026, well past the El Nino threshold and still climbing toward a likely peak in late spring or summer. In the same week the Indian Ocean Dipole read +0.41°C, its third consecutive week at or above the +0.4°C positive threshold, and forecast to hold or strengthen through spring.
  • That pairing matters because a strong El Nino on its own does not reliably mean a bad fire season. The 1997/98 event was one of the strongest on record and Australia's fire season that followed was unremarkable. What made 2019/20 different was a positive Indian Ocean Dipole sitting alongside the El Nino at the same time, drying out the continent from two directions at once. That same pairing is what is forming again now.
  • The Bureau's own spring outlook gives a 60 to 75 per cent chance of below median rainfall across Queensland, New South Wales and Victoria, with an elevated Forest Fire Danger Index across southern and eastern Australia expected from October.
  • Locally, the picture is more ordinary than the national one. Our Lyndhurst Hill gauge logged 119.70mm from 1 June to 22 August 2026, against a ten year comparison average of 199.0mm for the same 83 day window. That puts 2026 as the fifth driest of eleven comparable years, below average but nowhere near a record. 2011 and 2023 were both drier locally.
  • The dry day count tells the more useful part of the local story. 2026 has logged 46 dry days of 83 so far, almost exactly on the ten year average of 45.0. Dayboro has not had an unusually dry winter in the sense of fewer rain events. What fell has simply been lighter and less useful when it did fall, which is a different problem to no rain at all.
  • House loss in a bushfire is overwhelmingly an ember attack problem, not a wall of flame problem. Queensland Fire and Emergency Services attributes most home ignitions to embers finding gaps gutters, mesh, sub floor vents rather than direct fire contact, which means the highest value landholder actions are cheap and mechanical, not expensive.

1. Why we are writing this now

We do not normally chase a single news article into a paper. This one earned it because it sits on top of two of our own running threads at once, the El Nino tracking from our July paper and the Indian Ocean Dipole watch we flagged as the open question back in June. Three weeks ago the dipole was still sitting at −0.06°C, neutral, and we said plainly that the season's fire and drought risk hinged on whether it turned positive. It has now turned positive for three straight weeks running. That is not a headline writer's opinion, it is a number we can check against the Bureau's own file, and we did.

So rather than repeat what the ABC piece already said well, this paper does the two things a general news article cannot. It puts the current national ENSO and dipole state against the specific historical precedent that makes the combination dangerous, not just any El Nino year. And it checks our own weather station archive against that national signal, because Dayboro's actual paddocks do not care what the Bureau's national grid average says. They care what fell on this hill.

2. What is actually different this spring

Start with the plain numbers, verified against the Bureau's own weekly bulletins rather than taken from secondary coverage.

IndicatorReading, week ending 9 August 2026What it means
Relative Nino3.4 (El Nino index)+2.20°CWell above the +0.8°C strong El Nino threshold, still warming
Indian Ocean Dipole (weekly)+0.41°CThird consecutive week at or above the +0.4°C positive threshold
Spring rainfall outlook, QLD/NSW/VIC60 to 75% chance below medianBureau seasonal outlook, issued August 2026
Forest Fire Danger Index, southern and eastern AustraliaElevated from OctoberBureau seasonal fire outlook

Sources: Bureau of Meteorology southern hemisphere monitoring and ENSO Wrap Up (issued 9 to 14 August 2026), Bureau seasonal spring outlook (August 2026), ABC News (19 August 2026).

Why the pairing matters. A strong El Nino by itself is not a reliable fire season predictor. 1997/98 was one of the two biggest El Nino events of the modern record and the fire season that followed it was unremarkable, because the Indian Ocean Dipole stayed close to neutral that year and the west of the country kept getting moisture. What made the Black Summer season different was a positive Indian Ocean Dipole running at the same time as the El Nino, which dried the continent from the Pacific side and the Indian Ocean side simultaneously. That double dry signal is what the models are now showing forming again for spring 2026, and it is the genuine, checkable reason this season is being flagged as different, not just the normal seasonal caution every spring gets.
What this is not. It is not a claim that 2026/27 will repeat Black Summer's scale. The 2019/20 fires were also shaped by an extraordinarily dry preceding decade and record breaking heat that has not, yet, shown up this year. What we can say with the data in front of us is that the specific ocean and atmosphere setup that made that season worse than an ordinary El Nino year is present again now, and that is worth landholders knowing, not worth landholders panicking about.

3. What our own gauge says about Dayboro specifically

A national outlook is not a local forecast, and the whole point of running our own station since December 2005 is that we do not have to take anyone's word for what falls on this hill. We pulled every winter, 1 June to 22 August, that has a usable full or near full record and lined them up against the current partial season.

YearRainfall, 1 Jun to 22 Aug (mm)Dry days (of 82 to 83)
2008409.3355
2009264.3042
2010340.6850
201183.9855
2012313.4353
201498.5957
2022162.3538
202356.9243
2024152.9424
2025107.7433
10 year average199.045.0
2026 (to 22 Aug)119.7046

Source: Dayboro Weather Research, Lyndhurst Hill station archive, December 2005 to August 2026. Years 2007, 2013, 2017, 2018 and 2019 excluded for confirmed station outage gaps. Years 2006, 2015 and 2016 excluded for partial season records. Years 2020 and 2021 excluded, both logged zero dry days across the window, a value we treat as suspect pending a sensor check rather than genuine.

Sorted from driest to wettest, 2026 sits fifth lowest of the eleven comparable years. 2023 was drier at 56.92mm, 2011 was drier at 83.98mm, 2014 was drier at 98.59mm and 2025 was drier at 107.74mm. So while 2026 is running 40 per cent below the ten year average, it is not a standout dry season on our own record, and readers who lived through 2011 or 2023 locally will remember those as noticeably drier winters than this one has been so far.

The dry day count is the more telling column, because it separates two very different kinds of dry season. 2026 has logged 46 dry days against a ten year average of 45.0, which is to say Dayboro has had an entirely normal number of rain events this winter. What has been different is how little each of those events delivered. The rain has been falling, it just has not been falling with much conviction. A season with average dry day counts and below average totals points to light, low yield rain events rather than a genuine rain drought, and that distinction matters for how fast fuel actually cures on the ground here, which we cover next.

4. What to look for between now and the start of the season

None of the indicators above tell a landholder when to actually start worrying on a given day. These do, and they are the same signals the fire services and our own paddock monitoring watch through spring.

Grass curing Green pasture does not carry fire well. Once grass cures, turns from green to straw coloured and the moisture drops out of the standing fuel, a paddock goes from a poor fuel to a genuinely dangerous one within days, not weeks. Watch your own paddocks, not just the district average, since aspect and grazing pressure shift curing speed a lot on a single property.
Total fire ban declarations Queensland's total fire ban system responds to real time fuel and weather conditions, and a ban day is a far better live indicator than any seasonal outlook, because it reflects what is actually happening that week rather than a three month average.
Wind shifts and humidity troughs The dangerous days locally are rarely the hottest ones. They are the days a dry westerly wind change arrives with humidity dropping hard in the afternoon, the classic pattern behind fast moving grass fires on the ranges around us.
Forest Fire Danger Index trend We only hold three seasons of FFDI data ourselves, 2024 to 2026, so we are not going to pretend we can call a long term trend from it. Watching the direction of the index through September and October, rather than any single day's reading, is the better use of it.
Dead fuel moisture Three or four days without rain combined with wind dries out twigs and litter faster than most people expect, especially on a north or west facing slope.

5. What landholders should actually do

The Queensland Fire and Emergency Services position on this is consistent and, honestly, more useful than most of what circulates informally. Most homes lost in a bushfire are lost to ember attack, not to a wall of flame reaching the property. Embers can travel well ahead of a fire front and find their way in through small gaps, so the cheapest, highest value work a landholder can do is mechanical, not expensive landscaping.

Two cartoon cow mascots standing beside a Queensland home with a well cleared yard, clean gutters and a woodpile stacked away from the building
Ember attack finds the gaps, so most of what actually protects a house is cheap and mechanical.
Clean the gutters Dry leaf litter sitting in a gutter is one of the single most common ignition points on a house. A gutter guard is a one off cost that keeps paying off every season after.
Screen every gap with steel mesh Weep holes, sub floor vents, window and door gaps and roof vents all need a fine steel mesh, not the aluminium fly screen most houses already have, since embers pass straight through aluminium mesh under heat.
Seal roof and cladding gaps Anywhere a gap lets wind driven embers behind cladding or under roof sheeting is a spot fire waiting to happen, and most of these gaps are cheap to seal once you know to look for them.
Clear a proper zone around the house Mowed grass, no leaf litter piled against walls, and branches trimmed back to at least 2 metres from the building and from each other.
Move the woodpile and gas bottles away from the house A woodpile stacked against a wall is fuel stacked against your own house. Move it clear, and do the same for gas bottles and anything else that will burn hot.
Write an actual bushfire survival plan QFES publishes a Bushfire Survival Plan tool that walks through the decision landholders keep putting off, stay and actively defend or leave early, made calmly before a fire is anywhere near, not decided in the moment.

None of this is a large job done all at once. It is a Saturday afternoon of gutter cleaning now, a mesh upgrade before spring properly sets in, and a written plan sitting somewhere the whole household actually knows about. Given what the national indicators are showing for this spring, doing it in August rather than October is the one piece of free advice worth taking from this whole paper.

6. The honest summary

Two things are true at the same time here, and neither cancels the other out. Nationally, the combination forming this spring, a strong and still strengthening El Nino sitting alongside a freshly positive Indian Ocean Dipole, is genuinely the same setup that preceded the Black Summer season, not just routine seasonal caution dressed up for a headline. Locally, our own eighteen year archive shows a below average but entirely unremarkable winter so far, fifth driest of eleven comparable years, with a normal number of dry days and simply lighter rain when it did fall. Both of those things can be accurate at once, and the sensible response to both is the same. Do the cheap, mechanical bushfire preparation work now, watch the real time indicators as spring goes on rather than trusting any single seasonal outlook, and treat the national signal as a genuine reason for readiness rather than a reason for alarm.



References

Australian Broadcasting Corporation. (2026). Spring outlook shows bushfire risk increases as El Nino loads the dice. ABC News, 19 August 2026. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2026-08-19/bushfire-risk-australia-ahead-of-el-nino-warning/107049892

Bureau of Meteorology. (2026). Southern hemisphere monitoring: Pacific, Indian and Southern ocean regions (issued 9 to 14 August 2026). Australian Government. https://www.bom.gov.au/climate/enso/

Bureau of Meteorology. (2026). Indian Ocean Dipole outlook. Australian Government. https://www.bom.gov.au/climate/iod/

Bureau of Meteorology. (2026). Seasonal climate outlook, spring 2026. Australian Government. https://www.bom.gov.au/climate/outlooks/

Queensland Fire and Emergency Services. (2026). Preparing your property, ember attack and the Bushfire Survival Plan. Queensland Government. https://www.qfes.qld.gov.au/

Dayboro Weather Research. (2026). Lyndhurst Hill station rainfall archive, December 2005 to August 2026. Local station dataset, Dayboro, Queensland.

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